Khokharsa - Revision history

Hadash: /* Languages */

2019-10-02T11:13:05Z

‎Languages

Hadash: /* Governance and politics */

2019-03-20T15:02:29Z

‎Governance and politics

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Hadash: /* Khokharsan Civil War */

2018-11-10T05:56:27Z

‎Khokharsan Civil War

Hadash: /* The Northern Skathian War */

2018-11-10T03:41:22Z

‎The Northern Skathian War

Hadash: /* History */

2018-11-10T03:39:46Z

‎History

Hadash: /* Golden Age */

2018-11-10T01:17:58Z

‎Golden Age

Hadash at 17:37, 24 October 2018

2018-10-24T17:37:38Z

Ayzek: 1 revision imported

2018-10-21T15:40:05Z

1 revision imported

83.35.182.17: /* Climate */

2018-10-05T17:45:14Z

‎Climate

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 ==Demographics==
 ===Languages===
 ===Religion===
 ===Largest cities===

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 Lieutenant-Colonel Morten Carlsen announced that the government had been deposed "for their treasonous policies and shameless corruption", and denounced the oppression of the workers and peasants by the greedy elite. He also explained that although the government that had been overthrown was inept and corrupt not all of its members were criminals, calling citizens to cooperate with the new authorities, and announcing that a "National Revolutionary Council" would take power.
-Carlsen's National Revolutionary Council dissolved the parliament and the supreme court, suspending the constitution and declaring martial law. Colonel-Lieutenant Morten Carlsen was a self-declared nationalist,
+Carlsen's National Revolutionary Council dissolved the parliament and the supreme court, suspending the constitution and declaring martial law. Colonel-Lieutenant Morten Carlsen was a self-declared nationalist, and it was later rumoured that he had been an informant of Severyane intelligence even one year before the coup. Government officials from the regime, including several military officers, were wary of Morten Carlsen's motivations, and opposed the new government, starting the Khokharsan Civil war, which lasted a decade (1529-1540).
 ==Geography==

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-===The Northern Skathian War===
+===The Northern Skathian Border War===
 During the 1470s, tensions between Gehennan government and their northern colony, formerly known as West Bocamo, increased. In 1481, Gehennan authorities were forced to accept the resignation of Governor-Minister -head of government in charge of the colony- Alexander von Seipel, who was replaced by his deputy governor, Arthur Metternich, leader of the Conservative Party. Metternich became the colony's first Skathian-born leader, and the most popular politician for those Gehennan settlers agitating for more autonomy. In 1484, Metternich visited Nyköping, where Nylander Secretary of State promised him support if the Gehennan colony declared independence. A year later, a trade office was opened in Nyköping in order to co-ordinate breaking the anticipated sanctions in the event of a unilateral declaration of independence, and soon the office started to function as a de facto embassy.
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 There was then a stalemate as both sides mobilized huge forces along their common border and dug extensive trenches. Despite the peace mediation efforts by Nylander and Sequoian governments, this situation extended until Marth 1525. The Nylander government proposed a six-point peace plan that called for withdrawal of both forces to pre-1524 borders. Northern Skathia refused, and instead demanded the demilitarization of the border, to be overseen by a neutral monitoring force.
 On 10 Vintyr 1525, both parties agreed to a comprehensie peace agreement and binding arbitration of their disputes under the Nyköping Agreement. Seven months later, both government signed an armistice and talks for a final peace agreement were started.
 ===Khokharsan Civil War===

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 President Egede Agbejovo, who had promised to increase investment and improve employment, failed to stabilize the economy. His government felt pressure to accept a loan agreement from the Nylander government, but imports kept decreasing. During his presidency, it was passed the controversial fifteenth amendment, removing the constitutional clause which banned non-Skathian to own land in Khokharsa. Despite Agbejovo's promises, corruption and inequality grew while the country was not able to end the depression.
-The country economy would be able to grow again only by 1476, but then the political situation became increasingly unteneable for the government, with violent workers strikes and several states threatening with secesion. In Marth 1477, ten months before the presidential elections, military forces led by Lieutenant-Colonel Dirsch Onkqwe and General Gustav Wilke intervened, in a coup d'etat that lasted two days. President Agbejovo was able to flee to Nyland, while the rest of the government was arrested. General Wilke declared that the country was "close to a civil war" and the armed forces "had the duty to save the Federal Republic from a national disaser". Wilke suspended the 1477 presidential elections, declared the state of emergency in all the country, and announced the formation of a Military Supreme Council to took control of the federal government until social order was restored. Thousands of citizens were arrested and sent to prison without a trial, most of the constitutional freedoms were suspended, and all legislative bodies suspended, with the Military Supreme Council directly appointing governors.
+The country economy would be able to return to economic growth again only by 1476, but then the political situation became increasingly unteneable for the government, with violent workers strikes and several states threatening with secesion. In Marth 1477, ten months before the presidential elections, military forces led by Lieutenant-Colonel Dirsch Onkqwe and General Gustav Wilke intervened, in a coup d'etat that lasted two days. President Agbejovo was able to flee to Nyland, while the rest of the government was arrested. General Wilke declared that the country was "close to a civil war" and the armed forces "had the duty to save the Federal Republic from a national disaser". Wilke suspended the 1477 presidential elections, declared the state of emergency in all the country, and announced the formation of a Military Supreme Council to took control of the federal government until social order was restored. Thousands of citizens were arrested and sent to prison without a trial, most of the constitutional freedoms were suspended, and all legislative bodies suspended, with the Military Supreme Council directly appointing governors.
 General Wilke ruled as acting president until 1481, when he handed power to Dirsch Onkqwe. Before leaving power, General Wilke called a 122-member Legislative Assembly, although the Military Surpreme Council was reserved the right to veto any legislation passed by the new parliament. Despite claims of electoral fraud by the opposition, the pro-military National Party won a clear majority in the Legislative Assembly, and Dirsch Onkqwe was elected as president.
 As President, Onkqwe took advantage of the improving economy to gain absolute power. In 1485, he forced through the legislatuve a new constitution, which was approved by plebiscite. The constitution praised Onkqwe and General Wilke (who had died in late 1484), and it granted the president sweeping powers to dissolve the legislature at will, to reorganize the judiciary, to appoint eleven senators, and to rule by decree when the legislature was not in session. Although Onkqwe implemented some reforms in infraestructure and administration, he brutally repressed the opposition, censored the press, and governed largely to benefit himself and a clique of businessmen and military officers. The new constitution established universal male suffrage for first time, however, although it was not clear if Onkqwe was willing to accept free and  fair elections, and proclaimed the Social Republic of Khokharsa, also known as the Second Republic. The liberal Federal Republic of Khokharsa had ceased to exist.
 ==Geography==

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 While slavery and serfdom were abolished in the former lands of East Bocamo, the well-being of their inhabitants only improved slightly. Most of the lands were declared state property first, and they were soon sold to rich Khokharsans and, in some cases, to veteran Khokharsan military officers. Former slaves were forced to remain working in the same plantations under harsh conditions or moving to elsewhere facing high unemployment. Recent research has showed that salaries for agriculture workers in Khokharsa only raised from $0.22 to $0.31 in the twenty years after the war.
-===Golden Age===
+===The End of the Federal Republic of Khokharsa===
-The reelection of president Egede Agbejovo in 1462, the first Liberal Party president to win a reelection since 1423, is considered the end of the Reconstruction Era and the beginning of the Golden Era, a period of Khokharsan history which will last until the end of the century. While the Golden Era was a time of economic growth and cultural flourishment, the term Golden Era derives rather from the expansion of the mining industry in the country during those years.
+In 1462, Bryan Ravn became the first Liberal Party president to win a reelection since 1423. During his presidency, which was characterized by several corruption scandals, business-friendly legislation was passed, decreasing deregulation, and foreign investment increased considerably, mosty by Nylander companies, in the mining industry and in railroads construction.
-One key political figure of that time was President Dirsch Onkqwe. He served as Secretary of Treasury (1457-1462), Vice President (1462-1467), before being elected and reelected president in 1467 and 1472, respectively. During his presidency, it was passed the controversial fifteenth amendment, removing the constitutional clause which banned non-Skathians to own land in Khokharsa. Business-friendly legislation was passed, and foreign investment increased considerably, mostly by Nylander companies, in the mining industry and in railroads construction.
+The Moderate Party returned to power in 1467, which the election of Jakob Salomonsen. However, only ten months after President Salomonsen's inauguration, a sudden and deep financial crisis erupted, known as the '''Panic of 1468'''. The crisis had several underlying causes, including increasing inflation since the previous decade, rampant speculative investments (overwhelmingly in railroads), the demonetization of silver during President Ravn's last term, property losses in the Monrassa (1466) and Fotenburg (1468) fires, along other factors, put a massive strain on bank reserves, which plummeted in Nueva 1468, losing from 50% to 80%	of its value.
-While the Golden Age was one of the periods of Khokharsan history with the highest and constant economic growth, the formation of a small middle-class, and unemployment declined considerably, there was a perception of increasing corruption, and inequality grew considerably as well.
+As a consequence, the Monrassa Stock Exchange closed for twenty days starting 24 Nueva. By late 1468, about 40 of the nation's railroads had failed, another 30 went bankrupt by the first anniversary of the crisis. Construction of new rail lines, formerly one of the backbones of the economy, plummeted a 60% as soon as foreign investment started to reduce. The crisis triggered soon an economic depression. About 10,000 business failed between 1468 and 1470. Unemployment peaked in 1471 at 24.1%. Building construction was halted, wages were cut, real estate values fell and corporate profits vanished.
 ==Geography==

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 <!--......-->
 |leader_title14 =
-|leader_name14 = [[Ivo Mašek]]
+|leader_name14 =
 |legislature =       Federal Council
 |upper_house =       Senate

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