Tiejungo

Tiejungo (会高铁军率), officially the Republic of Tiejungo (共和國会高铁军率), is a soverign state in East Ostra. The Republic of Tiejungo governs the island of (blank) as well as several dozen other minor islands. Neighboring states include (blank), (blank), (blank), and (blank). The city of Haesong is the seat of the central government and is the most populous city.

After declaring independence from Oslanburg, in 1330 Tiejungo has experienced rapid economic growth and industrialization and is now an considered advanced industrial economy with one of the highest GDP per capita in the region with its high-tech industry playing a key role in the global economy. Tiejungo is ranked highly in terms of health care, public education, economic freedom, and human development.

History

The island of (blank) has been historically been part of Tieguo, with mentions of Tiejungo appearing as far back as (date). Starting in the 12th century, traders from Brigandia arrived and began trade. In (date) the Emperor of Tieguo, initiating a policy of "locked country" (鎖定國家), which closed all ports to foreign traders and forbade foreigners from leaving or entering the country. The Arch-Kingodom of Oslanburg, which had invested heavily in the port of Tiejungo, protested the decision of the Emperor as almost 10,000 Oslanburgans remained trapped in Tiejungo alone. After diplomatic solutions failed, the Arch-Kingdom deployed a fleet of warships to forcibly open the port and allow trade to resume. The Oslanburgan fleet used it's superior naval and gunnery power to bring a quick and decisive defeat to Tieguo. This resulted in the Treaty of (blank)which was signed in (date) granted an indemnity and extraterritoriality to Oslanburg, the opening of five treaty ports, and the cession of Tiejungo until 1535.

Tiejungo was slated to be handed back to Tieguo in 1535, however since the late 1400's a movement had been growing in the the Colony of Tiejungo formed of ctizens who did not want to see Tieungo returned to Tieguo. In the early 1520's a small group of group of people, known today as the Eternal Leader's of Tiejungo (会高铁军率的永恆領袖) started the Rising Sun (初升的太陽), with the main goal to prevent the reclamation of Tiejungo by Tieugo. In the 300 years since the Tiejungo had been taken by Oslanburg the two regions had grown increasingly separate, with the rise of an authoritarian government in Tieugo, the return of Tiejungo to Tieguo seemed less and less attractive to the people of Tiejungo. The movement soon swelled to several thousand members, compromised from all walks of life. As soon as the colonial government heard news of the Rising Sun however, they quickly cracked down on the group trying to remove it before it became a movement. However, the arrest, trial and subsequent public execution of the 12 original members by the colonial government in 1533 as deterrent to other people served no purpose but to change the desire to many in Tiejungo from remaining in Oslanburg to seeking outright independence. The Rising Sun grew from a few hundred college students to tens of thousands of protesters in a few weeks. Many who joined the Rising Sun, saw the colonial government as an arm of an oppressive central government, thousands of miles away that had no desires to protect the interests of the people of Tiejungo. The Oslan governor reacted by deploying thousands of riot policemen throughout the city to suppress the protests resulting in a standoff that lasted for almost six months. The protest reached a climax in mid-(month), when the governor announced a deadline for the protests to disperse before the riot police moved into to clear the protest camps. The protesters refused to acknowledge the governor's mandate and protests continued to grow. On the day of the deadline, tens of thousands riot police moved into the city to disperse the protests. The Police operation quickly escalated with hundreds of clashes between police and protesters throughout the day and resulted in the mobilization of Oslan soldiers to help quell the fighting. Even with the use of Oslan soldiers, the colonial government of Tiejungo was unable to disperse the protests even after four weeks of martial law and the deployment of almost 20,000 soldiers and policemen. With international media attention continuing to focus on the riots and the negative portrayal of the use of military and police forces throughout the conflict, the Arch-King of Oslanburg, Otto IV, reached out to protest leaders to see if an agreement could be reached. After another few tense weeks of intensive talks between protest leaders and the central government of Oslanburg, an agreement was reached, in exchange for Tiejungo's independence and recognition of sovereignty from Oslanburg the new country, called the Republic of Tiejungo, would provide the government of Oslanburg with several economic and military concessions.

(OOC: I will expand on this later. Tieguo didn't really protest much at Oslan letting Tiejungo go indie instead of back to Tieguo and at first two countries had kinda normal relations, the w/the rise of the TUP relations soured and bad karma and all that jazz and relations b/c super tense)

As a result of this situation, the sovereignty of Tiejungo is officially disputed as according to the Treaty of (blank). Despite international recognition by most states in Siora, starting with The Arch-Kingdom of Oslanburg in (date), until (date) Tieguo asserted itself to be the sole legal representative of Tiejungo and claims it as the (number) province to be under it's soverignty, denying the status and existence of the Republic of Tiejungo as a sovereign state and considering it as a province in rebellion. As a result of this, Tiejungo remained under the threat of invasion from Tieguo until the rise of (blank) into the position of (blank) of Tieguo. As a result of (blank)'s rise to power, the two countries have begun the process to normalize relations starting with (blank) where Tieguo recognized the sovereignty of Tiejungo as relinquished any claims on the Republic of Tiejungo. Even after this, however, the relations between the two countries remains tense.

Administrative Divisions

The Republic of Tiejungo consists of 3 prefectures(府), each overseen by an elected governor, legislature and administrative bureaucracy. Each prefecture is further divided into districts(區) and townships, which are divided into two types, rural townships(鄉) and urban townships(鎮). The nation is currently undergoing administrative reorganization by merging many of the cities, towns and villages with each other. This process will reduce the number of sub-prefecture administrative regions and is expected to cut administrative costs. Tiejungo currently has 3 prefectures, 21 districts, and 76 townships

Governance

The Republic of Tiejungo is a parliamentary republic with a unicameral parliamentary government representing constituencies. The country's constitution establishes a representative democracy as the political system and declares that Tiejungo "shall be a democratic republic of the people, to be governed by the people and for the people." The government is divided into five administrative branches (院): the Executive Yuan (cabinet), the Legislative Yuan, the Judicial Yuan, the Control Yuan (audit agency), and the Examination Yuan (civil service examination agency).

Executive Yuan

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The Office of the Executive

The Executive Yuan is made up of the President and the Cabinet of Tiejungo. Although the President acts in his personal discretion in the exercise of certain functions as a check on the Cabinet and the Legislative Yuan, his role is largely ceremonial. It is the Cabinet, composed of the Prime Minister and other Ministers that generally directs and controls the Government. The Cabinet is formed by the political party that gains a simple majority in each general election.

Legislative Yuan

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Tiejungo Legislative House

The main legislative body is the unicameral Legislative Yuan with one hundred and thirteen seats. Members of Parliament (MPs) consist of elected, non-constituency and nominated members. Elected MPs are voted into the Parliament on a "first-past-the-post" (plurality) basis and represent either single-member or group representation constituencies.

Judicial Yuan

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Tiejungo Supreme Court

The Judicial Yuan is Tiejungo's highest judiciary. The Chief Justice and Vice-Justic of the Judicial Yuan and fifteen Justices comes together to form the Council of Grand Justices. They are nominated and appointed by the President of the Republic, with the consent of the Legislative Yuan. The highest court, the Supreme Court, consists of a number of civil and criminal divisions, each of which is formed by a presiding Judge and four Associate Judges, all appointed for life. The legal system of Tiejungo is based on Oslan common law, but with substantial local differences. There is no trial by jury but the right to a fair and public trial is protected by law and respected in practice; many cases are presided over by multiple judges. Tiejungo has penalties that include judicial corporal punishment in the form of caning, which may be imposed for such offenses as rape, rioting, vandalism, and certain immigration offenses.There is a mandatory death penalty for murder, as well as certain aggravated drug-trafficking and firearms offenses.

Control Yuan

The Control Yuan is an investigatory and auditory body and monitors the other branches of government. It consists of the President, Vice President, a 27-member council, which is further divided into committees, and the Ministry of Audit and is responsible for impeachment, censure, audit, investigation of officials, receipt of petition complaints concerning officials, and human rights protection

Examination Yuan

The Examination Yuan is in charge of validating the qualification of civil servants in Tiejungo. The Examination Yuan writes and oversees the State Examinations that civil servants must pass before they are allowed to hold office. They also create and maintain state examinations for primary and secondary schools, along with college entrance examinations and the bar and medical examinations.

Military

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Members of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Tiejungo on exercises.

The Republic of Tieungo Armed Forces (武裝部隊会高铁军率) are also known as the ROTAF or Tiejungo Armed Forces, encompass the Army, Navy (including the Marine Corps), Air Force and Military Police Force of the Republic of Tiejungo, commonly known as Tiejungo. It is a military establishment, which accounted for 16.8% of the central budget in the fiscal year of 2003. It was originally the Colonial Armed Forces of Tiejungo, under the command of the Armed Forces of Arch-Kingdom of Oslanburg before it was renamed and restructured after Oslanburg haneded military responsibilities to the Republic of Tiejungo on (date).

Since the founding of the ROTAF, the military's primary mission is the defense of the Republic of Tiejungo a possible military invasion by the Armed Forces of Tieguo, which is still seen as the predominant threat to Tiejungo despite the signing of (blank) in (date). The military of Tiejungo has one of the most advanced armed forces in Siora because of the high priority the government of Tiejungo has put on the armed forces.

Economy

The quick industrialization and rapid growth of Tiejungo during the mid 15th century has been called the "Tiejungo Miracle". Oslan rule brought changes in the public and private sectors, most notably in the area of public works, which enabled rapid communications and facilitated transport throughout much of the island. The Oslan also improved public education and made it compulsory for all residents of Tiejungo. Economic development was encouraged by government though programs such as the Joint Commission on Industrial Construction and the Joint Commission of Rural Development. In 1539, the first Prime Minister (name) implemented the Ten Major Construction Projects, the beginning foundations that helped Tiejungo transform into its current export driven economy.

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Computex Tiejungo is one of the largest technology expo's in Siora

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TMM employee holding a stack of silicon wafers

Traditional labor-intensive industries are steadily being moved offshore and with more capital and technology-intensive industries replacing them. High-technology industrial parks have sprung up in every region in Tiejungo. The ROT has become a major foreign investor in the (blank), (blank), (blank) and (blank). Since the 1550s, a number of Tiejungo-based technology firms have expanded their reach around the world. Well-known international technology companies headquartered in Tiejungo include personal computer manufacturers (blank) and (blank), microchip manufacture Tiejungo Microchip Manufaturing, mobile phone maker (blank), as well as electronics manufacturing giant (blank). Computex Tiejungo is a major computer expo, held since 1551. Today Tiejungo has a dynamic, capitalist, export-driven economy with gradually decreasing state involvement in investment and foreign trade. In keeping with this trend, some large government-owned banks and industrial firms are being privatized. Real growth in GDP has averaged about 8% during the past three decades. Exports have provided the primary impetus for industrialization. The trade surplus is substantial, and foreign reserves are the world's fifth largest.[190] The Republic of Tiejungo has its own currency, the Tiejungo Vrun.

Energy

Nuclear Power Plant #4

Tiejungo lacks significant energy resources and highly depends on import, so it is a top priority to develop clean, sustainable, and independent energy and achieve the balance among energy security, environmental protection, and industrial competitiveness, and reduce CO 2 emissions through various strategies. In order to reduce this dependence, the Ministry of Economic Affairs' Bureau of Energy has been actively promoting energy research at several universities since the 1540s. Tiejungo has six active nuclear power plants and plans to build four more in the near future. In addition, due to government initiatives, Tiejungo has one of the most advanced and well developed green and technology sectors in Siora.

Transport

Tiejungo High Speed Rail

The Ministry of Transportation and Communications of the Republic of Tiejungo is the cabinet-level governing body of the transportation network in Tiejungo. Tiejungo has an extensive highway network, classified into four levels: National highways, provincial highways, county routes and township routes. Tiejungo also has an extensive bus network, which are mostly run by private bus companies. There are two rail systems in Tiejungo, Tiejungo Railway Administration and Tiejungo High Speed Rail. The Haesong Metro and the Haesong Mass Rapid Transit serve the Tiejungo and New Tiejungo metropolitan area. Tiejungo has one major international airport, Haesong International Airport. The four international seaports are (blank), (blank), (blank) and (blank).

Demographics

Education

The educational system in Tiejungo is the responsibility of the Ministry of Education of Republic of Tiejungo . The system in the ROT produces pupils with some of the highest test scores in the world, especially in mathematics and science. It has been criticized for placing excessive pressure on students and eschewing creativity in favor of rote memorization. Recent educational reforms intended to address these criticisms are a topic of intense debate in Tiejungo. Although current law mandates only nine years of schooling, 95% of students go on to high school, trade school or college. The literacy rate in Tiejunguo is 96.1%.

The public education system in Tiejungo spans nursery schools through university. Public education has been compulsory from primary school through high school since 1540. In 1566 roughly 16% of the central budget was spent on education. Access to high school and university is controlled by a series of national exams. Discipline in public schools of all levels is generally very tight with school uniforms and morning reveille being the norm. Students of all levels through high school are responsible for cleaning their own classrooms and areas around the school, cleanup time being a daily ritual. Corporal punishment is officially banned, but many reports suggest it is still practiced by many teachers, due in no small part to the fact that most parents support it.

Health

Tiejungo has a non-modified universal healthcare system where the government ensures affordability of healthcare within the public health system, largely through a system of compulsory savings, subsidies, and price controls. Tiejungo's system uses a combination of compulsory savings from payroll deductions to provide subsidies within a nationalized health insurance plan known as Medisave. Within Medisave, each citizen accumulates funds that are individually tracked, and such funds can be pooled within and across an entire extended family. The vast majority of Tiejungo citizens have substantial savings in this scheme. One of three levels of subsidy is chosen by the patient at the time of the healthcare episode.

A key principle of Tiejungo's national health scheme is that no medical service is provided free of charge, regardless of the level of subsidy, even within the public healthcare system. This mechanism is intended to reduce the overutilisation of healthcare services, a phenomenon often seen in fully subsidised universal health insurance systems. Out-of-pocket charges vary considerably for each service and level of subsidy. At the highest level of subsidy, although each out-of-pocket expense is typically small, costs can accumulate and become substantial for patients and families. At the lowest level, the subsidy is in effect nonexistent, and patients are treated like private patients, even within the public system.

Approximately 70-80% of Tiejungo citizens obtain their medical care within the public health system. Overall government spending on public healthcare amounts to only 1.6% of annual GDP.